Where the Olives and Sunflowers Grow: Strategic Reconciliation in the Israel-Palestinian Conflict

While acknowledging the profound devastation and complex geopolitical realities, I contend that the persistent cycle of violence, dehumanization, and blame stems from unaddressed “root causes” of extremism and deeply entrenched binary thinking. Drawing on foundational psychological insights, the paper illustrates how powerful psychological forces, such as the “minimal group paradigm,” set the preconditions for and then perpetuate conflict and acts of cruelty. But these forces need not reduce perpetual conflict to an inevitability. Successful reconciliation efforts in other seemingly intractable conflicts, and inspiring grassroots initiatives, demonstrate the powerful moderating force of the “contact hypothesis.” From these examples, I assert that only through a multi-faceted commitment to reconciliation, including by actively challenging tribal absolutism and fostering a shared commitment to universal human values, can both Israelis and Palestinians cultivate a future where peace can take root and flourish.

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